Creative Commons is "a global nonprofit organization that enables sharing and reuse of creativity and knowledge through the provision of free legal tools". Creative Commons provides a number of different open licenses that rightsholders may select for their works. When a work is made available under a Creative Commons license, any user in the world has permission to use the work, for free, so long as they follow the terms of the license.
What is Creative Commons? by Victor Grigas (Wikimedia Foundation) is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported
Unpublished photographs and works of art created for the assignment (or appearing only in the assignment/paper and no where else) are not cited - so they do not have a formal in-text citation or an entry in the reference list. Treat it as a figure, and add any necessary details in the Note section under the image. Add "Own work" to the image if you feel it needs to be made clear that this is an image you created yourself.Figure 1
Note. photograph of 2023 dollhouse. Own work.
Unpublished photographs, illustrations, art
To make citing easier, as you conduct your research, we recommend you keep track of:
Unless a link below states that the site provides free stock photos, with any image you locate and use, credit must be given to the creator with a citation. That's called attribution.
There are special requirements for using clip art and stock images in APA Style papers. See the seventh edition APA Style manuals in the Publication Manual Sections 12.14 to 12.18 and the Concise Guide Section 10.1 Example
Common sources include:
Below are examples in APA style citations by type.
Images from a electronic source
Author (Role of Author). (Year image was created). Title of work [Type of work], Retrieved from URL (address of website)
Kulbis, M. (Photographer). (2006). Men pray [Photograph], Retrieved from http://accuweather.ap.org/cgi-bin/aplaunch.pl
Note: If you can only find the screen name of an author (such as a photographer on Flickr), that will do as the author's name.
If the screen name is all lowercase, keep the name lowercase in the in-text citation and the references list.
Images from a electronic source (No Author, No Title, No Date)
Many images found on the Web are of this category, but you should still look for this missing information: try clicking on the image, and/or looking at the bottom of the image.
[Format and subject of work]. Retrieved from URL (address of website)
[Untitled photograph of a baby chimpanzee]. Retrieved from http://perso.wanadoo.fr/jdtr/struc/chimp3.htm
“Furggelen afterglow” by Lukas Schlagenhauf is licensed under CC BY-ND 2.0.
This is an ideal attribution because it includes the:
How you attribute authors of the CC works will depend on whether you modify the content, if you create a derivative, if there are multiple sources, etc.
If the license associated with clip art or a stock image states “no attribution required,” then do not provide an APA Style reference, in-text citation, or copyright attribution.
For example, this image of a cat comes from Pixabay and has a license that says the image is free to reproduce with no attribution required. To use the image as a figure in an APA Style paper, provide a figure number and title and then the image. If desired, describe the image in a figure note. In a presentation (such as a PowerPoint presentation), the figure number, title, and note are optional.
Example citation:
Figure 1 A Striped Cat Sits With Paws Crossed
Figure 1 Lava the Sled Dog
Note. From Lava [Photograph], by Denali National Park and Preserve, 2013, Flickr (https://www.flickr.com/photos/denalinps/8639280606/). CC BY 2.0.
If the license associated with clip art or a stock image says that attribution is required, then provide a copyright attribution in the figure note and a reference list entry for the image in the reference list. NOTE* Many (but not all) images with Creative Commons licenses require attribution.
The reference list entry for the image consists of its author, year of publication, title, description in brackets, and source (usually the name of the website and the URL).
Example citation:
Denali National Park and Preserve. (2013). Lava [Photograph]. Flickr.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/denalinps/ 8639280606/
To cite clip art or a stock image without reproducing it, provide an in-text citation for the image instead of a copyright attribution. Also provide a reference list entry.
Publication Manual (OFFICIAL) 7th Edition of the American Psychological Association by There are special requirements for using clip art and stock images in APA Style papers. See the seventh edition APA Style manuals in the Publication Manual Sections 12.14 to 12.18 and the Concise Guide Section 10.1
Common sources include:
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