The Great Migration and Lynching

GREAT MIGRATION, UNITED STATES

Adero, Malaika. Up South: Stories, Studies and Letters of This Century’s African-American Migrations. New York: New Press, 1993.

Arnesen, Eric. Black Protest and the Great Migration: A Brief History with Documents. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2003.

Bachin, Robin F. Building the South Side: Urban Space and Civic Culture in Chicago, 1890–1919. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004.

Berlin, Ira. The Making of African America: The Four Great Migrations. New York: Penguin Books, 2014.

Baldwin, Davarian L. Chicago's New Negroes: Modernity, the Great Migration, & Black Urban Life. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007.

Black, Timuel. Bridges of Memory: Chicago’s First Wave of Black Migration. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 2003.

Crew, Spencer R. Field to Factory: Afro-American Migration 1915-1940. Washington, D.C: Dept. of Public Programs, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, 1987.

Drake, St. Clair and Horace R. Cayton. Black Metropolis: A Study of Negro Life in a Northern City. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1970.  

Du Bois W.E.B. The Philadelphia Negro: A Social Study. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.

Du Bois W.E.B.; edited by Henry L. Gates, and Terri H. Oliver. The Souls of Black Folk: Authoritative Text, Contexts, Criticism. New York: W.W. Norton, 1999. 

Fligstein, Neil. Going North: Migration of Blacks and Whites from the South, 1900-1950. New York: Academic Press, 1981.

Frazier, E. Franklin. The Negro Family in Chicago. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1932.

Garvey, Marcus. The Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey, or, Africa for the Africans. New York: Universe, 1923-25.

Goodwin, E. Marvin. Black Migration in America, 1915-1960, Lewiston NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 1990.

Gottlieb, Peter. Making Their Own Way: Southern Blacks' Migration to Pittsburgh, 1916-1930. University of Illinois Press, 1987.

Gregory, James. The Southern Diaspora: How the Great Migrations of Black and White Southerners Transformed America. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2005.

Griffin, Farah. “Who Set You Flowin”? The African-American Migration Narrative. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.

Grossman, James. Land of Hope: Chicago, Black Southerners and the Great Migration. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989.

Gutman, Herbert G. The Black Family in Slavery and Freedom, 1750-1925. New York: Pantheon, 1976.

Hahn, Steven. A Nation Under Our Feet: Black Political Struggles in the Rural South from Slavery to the Great Migration. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2005.

Harrison, Alferdteen. Black Exodus: The Great Migration from the American South. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1991.

Henri, Florette. Black Migration: Movement North, 1900-1920. Garden City, NY: Anchor/Doubleday, 1975.

Herndon, Angelo. Let Me Live. New York: Random House, 1937.

Hughes, Langston. The Big Sea: An Autobiography. New York: Hill & Wang, 1963.

Hurston, Zora Neale. Dust Tracks on a Road. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1942.

Hurston, Zora Neale. Mules & Men. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1935.

Johnson, James Weldon. Black Manhattan. New York: Knopf, 1930.

Kerlin, Robert Thomas. The Voice of the Negro 1919. New York: E. P. Dutton, 1920.

Krugler, David. 1919, The Year of Racial Violence: How African Americans Fought Back. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014.

Lemann, Nicholas. The Promised Land: The Great Black Migration and How it Changed America. Knopf, 1991.

Litwack, Leon F. Trouble in Mind: Black Southerners in the Age of Jim Crow. New York: Vintage Books, 2006.

Marks, Carole. Farewell, We’re Good and Gone: The Great Black Migration. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989.

McWhirter, Cameron. Red Summer: The Summer of 1919 and the Awakening of Black America. New York: St. Martin’s Griffin, 2012.

Michaeli, Ethan. The Defender: How the Legendary Black Newspaper Changed America. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016.

Miller, Kelly. Kelly Miller's History of the World War for Human Rights. Washington, D.C.: Jenkins, 1919.​

Osofsky, Gilbert. Harlem: The Making of a Ghetto: Negro New York. 1890-1930. New York: Harper, 1963.

Reed, Christopher R. Knock at the Door of Opportunity: Black Migration to Chicago, 1900-1919. Carbonale: Southern Illinois Univ. Press, 2014.

Rutkoff, Peter M, and William B. Scott. Fly Away: The Great African American Cultural Migration. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010.

Reed, Christopher. The Rise of Chicago’s Black Metropolis, 1920–1929. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2014.

Sandburg, Carl. The Chicago Race Riots. New York: Harcourt, Brace, and World, 1919.

Scott, Emmett J. Negro Migration During the War. New York: Oxford University Press, 1920.

Spear, Allan. Black Chicago: The Making of a Negro Ghetto, 1890–1920. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1967.

Trotter, Joe W. Black Milwaukee: The Making of an Industrial Proletariat, 1915-1945. University of Illinois Press, 1985.

Trotter, Joe William. The Great Migration in Historical Perspective: New Dimensions of Race, Class, and Gender. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991.

Tuttle, William M., Jr. Race Riot: Chicago in the Red Summer of 1919. New York: Atheneum, 1970.

Wilkerson, Isabel. The Warmth of Other Sons: The Epic Story of America’s Great Migration. New York: Vintage, 2010.

Williams, Lee E, and Lee E. Williams. Anatomy of Four Race Riots: Racial Conflict in Knoxville, Elaine (Arkansas), Tulsa, and Chicago, 1919-1921. Hattiesburg: University and College Press of Mississippi, 1972.

Woodson, Carter G. The History of the Negro Church. Washington, D.C.: Association for the Study of Negro Life & History, 1921

Woodson, Carter G. The Mis-Education of the Negro. Washington, D.C.: Association for the Study of Negro Life & History, 1933.

Wright, Richard. Black Boy, a Record of Childhood and Youth. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1945.

LYNCHING

Allen, James. Without Sanctuary: Lynching Photography in America. Santa Fe: Twin Palms, 2000.

Anderson, Devery S. Emmett Till: The Murder That Shocked the World and Propelled the Civil Rights Movement. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2015.

Apel, Dora. Imagery of Lynching: Black Men, White Women, and the Mob. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2004.

Arellano, Lisa. Vigilantes and Lynch Mobs: Narratives of Community and Nation. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2012.

Armstrong, Julie Buckner. Mary Turner and the Memory of Lynching. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2011.

Berg, Manfred. Popular Justice: A History of Lynching in America. Lanham, MD: Rowman Littlefield, 2011.

Brundage, W. Fitzhugh. Lynching in the New South: Georgia and Virginia, 1880–1930. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1993.

Carrigan, William D., and Clive Webb. Forgotten Dead: Mob Violence against Mexicans in the United States, 1848–1928. New York: Oxford University Press, 2013.

Cutler, James Elbert. Lynch-Law: An Investigation into the History of Lynching in the United States. New York: Longmans, Green, 1905.

Dray, Philip. At the Hands of Persons Unknown: The Lynching of Black America. New York: Random House, 2002.

Feimster, Crystal N. Southern Horrors: Women and the Politics of Rape and Lynching. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2009.

Ginzburg, Ralph. 100 Years of Lynchings. Baltimore: Black Classic Press, 1988.

Goldsby, Jacqueline. A Spectacular Secret: Lynching in American Life and Literature. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006.

Ifill, Sherrilyn A. On the Courthouse Lawn: Confronting the Legacy of Lynching in the Twenty-First Century. Boston: Beacon, 2007.

Mitchell, Koritha. Living with Lynching: African American Lynching Plays, Performance, and Citizenship, 1890–1930. Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2011.

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Thirty Years of Lynching in the United States, 1889-1918. New York: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, 1919.

Pfaelzer, Jean. Driven Out: The Forgotten War against Chinese Americans. New York: Random House, 2007.

Pfeifer, Michael J. Global Lynching and Collective Violence. Vol. 1, Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2017.

Pfeifer, Michael J. Global Lynching and Collective Violence. Vol. 2, The Americas and Europe. Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2017.

Raper, Arthur Franklin. The Tragedy of Lynching. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1933.

Rice, Anne P. Witnessing Lynching: American Writers Respond. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2003.

Rushdy, Ashraf H. A. American Lynching. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2012.

Smångs, Mattias. Doing Violence, Making Race: Lynching and White Racial Group Formation in the U.S. South, 1882–1930. New York: Routledge, 2017.

Till-Mobley, Mamie, and Christopher Benson. The Death of Innocence: The Story of the Hate Crime that Changed American. New York: Random House, 2003.

Tolnay, Stewart Emory, and Beck, E. M. A Festival of Violence: An Analysis of Southern Lynchings, 1882–1930. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1995.

Vandiver, Margaret. Lethal Punishment: Lynchings and Legal Executions in the South. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2005.

Waldrep, Christopher. African Americans Confront Lynching: Strategies of Resistance from the Civil War to the Civil Rights Era. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2009.

Waldrep, Christopher. Lynching in America: A History in Documents. New York: New York University Press, 2006.

Waldrep, Christopher. The Many Faces of Judge Lynch: Extralegal Violence and Punishment in America. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002.

White, Walter. Rope and Faggot: A Biography of Judge Lynch. New York: Knopf, 1929.

Wood, Amy Louise. Lynching and Spectacle: Witnessing Racial Violence in America, 1890–1940. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2009.

Zangrando, Robert L. The NAACP Crusade against Lynching, 1909–1950. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1980.

JACOB LAWRENCE

SEPTEMBER 7, 1917 – JUNE 9, 2000

Dickerman, Leah, Elizabeth Alexander, and Elsa Smithgall. Jacob Lawrence: the Migration Series. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2015.

Hills, Patricia and Jacob Lawrence. Painting Harlem Modern: The Art of Jacob Lawrence. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009.

Lawrence, Jacob, David C. Driskell, and Patricia Hills. Jacob Lawrence: Moving Forward Paintings, 1936-1999. New York: DC Moore Gallery, 2008.

Lawrence, Jacob, Patricia Hills, and Peter T. Nesbett. Jacob Lawrence: Thirty Years of Prints (1963-1993): A Catalogue Raisonné. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1994.

Nesbett, Peter T., Jacob Lawrence, and Michelle DuBois. Jacob Lawrence: Paintings, Drawings, and Murals (1935-1999): A Catalogue Raisonné. Seattle: University of Washington, 2000.

Nesbett, Peter T., Michelle DuBois, Patricia Hills, and Jacob Lawrence. Over the Line: The Art and Life of Jacob Lawrence. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2000.

Wheat, Ellen H., Jacob Lawrence, and Patricia Hills. Jacob Lawrence, American Painter. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1986.

IDA B. WELLS-BARNETT

JULY 16, 1862 – MARCH 25, 1931

Writings

Wells, Ida B. Crusade for Justice: The Autobiography of Ida B. Wells. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.

Wells, Ida B. The Memphis Diary of Ida B. Wells: An Intimate Portrait of the Activist as a Young Woman. Boston: Beacon Press, 1995.

Wells-Barnett, Ida B. and Michelle Duster. Ida from Abroad: The Timeless Writings of Ida B. Wells from England in 1894. Chicago: Benjamin Williams, 2010.

Wells-Barnett, Ida B. Ida: in Her Own Words: The Timeless Writings of Ida B. Wells from 1893. Chicago: Benjamin Williams Pub, 2008.

Wells-Barnett, Ida B. The Light of Truth: Writings of an Anti-Lynching Crusader. New York: Penguin Books, 2014.

Wells-Barnett, Ida B. and Trudier Harris. The Selected Works of Ida B. Wells-Barnett. Schomburg Library of Nineteenth Century Black Women Writers. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.

Wells-Barnett, Ida B. and Jacqueline J. Royster. Southern Horrors and Other Writings: The Anti-Lynching Campaign of Ida B. Wells, 1892-1900. Boston: Bedford Books, 2016.

Biography

Bay, Mia. To Tell the Truth Freely: The Life of Ida B. Wells. New York: Hill and Wang, 2010. 

Giving a Voice to the Voiceless: Four Pioneering Black Women Journalists. Edited  By Jinx Coleman Broussard, 21–45. New York: Routledge, 2004.

Davidson, James West. They Say: Ida B. Wells-Barnett and the Reconstruction of Race. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.

DuRocher, Kristina. Ida B. Wells: Social Activist and Reformer. New York: Taylor and Francis, 2016.

Giddings, Paula. Ida: A Sword Among Lions: Ida B. Wells and the Campaign against Lynching. New York: Amistad, 2009.

McMurry, Linda O. To Keep the Waters Troubled: The Life of Ida B. Wells. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.

Royster, Jacqueline J. Southern Horrors and Other Writings: The Anti-Lynching Campaign of Ida B. Wells, 1892-1900. Boston: Bedford Books, 1997.

Schechter, Patricia A. Ida B. Wells-Barnett and American Reform, 1880-1930. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001. 

Silkey, Sarah L. Black Woman Reformer: Ida B. Wells, Lynching, and Transatlantic Activism. Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 2015. 

Sims, Angela D. Ethical Complications of Lynching: Ida B. Wells’s Interrogation of American Terror. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.